The relevance of the study is conditioned by the deep crisis of the international security system and the failure of existing institutions, in particular, the UN Security Council, to promptly prevent acts of genocide in the context of Russian aggression. The purpose of the study was to comprehensively analyse changes in the mechanisms of international legal responsibility for genocide and identify ways to overcome institutional obstacles on the example of the war in Ukraine. With the help of dialectical and historical legal methods, the evolution of international criminal law was analysed; the formal legal approach helped to assess the compliance of modern actions of the aggressor state with the norms of the 1948 Convention and the Rome Statute; the use of system analysis identified the connection between digital narratives and the practical implementation of genocidal intent. It was established that the veto power of permanent members of the United Nations Security Council has become a destructive tool for ensuring impunity for the aggressor, which requires immediate reform of voting procedures; the necessity of transforming the concept of “duty to protect” from a declarative political doctrine into an effective legal algorithm with clear criteria for international intervention was substantiated; the role of digital platforms in scaling hate speech was analysed and it has been established that algorithmic promotion of dehumanising content should be recognised as a form of incitement to genocide; it has been proven that the forced displacement and Russification of Ukrainian children constitute a premeditated act of biological and social annihilation of the nation; it has been established that the warrants issued by the International Criminal Court provide the necessary legal precedent, but require supplementation with specialised repatriation mechanisms; it has been proposed that standardised international registers be introduced to record criminal acts in real time. The results obtained and the proposals formulated can be used by experts in the field of international law, diplomats, and representatives of law enforcement agencies to develop strategies for the prosecution of war crimes and the development of new protocols for the repatriation of deported persons