This article studies the legislation of Ukraine in force and scientific papers reflecting the issue of causing harm to athletes, fans and other participants of sport events, as well as liability in case of death or injury of the participants of such events. Sport is an important component of social life, but at the same time it is not without risks. Sports competitions are often accompanied by injuries that can have serious consequences, including the death of athletes. In this connection, the question arises about the criminal liability of athletes in case of sports injuries or deaths during competitions. This becomes a matter of concern for legislators, the judiciary and the public, as it is important to ensure a balance between the development of the sport and the protection of the rights and safety of the participants. Legislation regarding the criminal liability of athletes for sports injuries or death during competition may vary from country to country. In some jurisdictions there are specific articles that regulate such situations, in others it may be subject to interpretations of general criminal norms. At the same time, it is important to take into account the specifics of sports activities, the participants’ ability to manage risks, and the general practice of resolving similar conflict situations. In the case of sports injuries or deaths during competition, the judicial system must carefully analyze all the circumstances of the event, including the observance of safety rules, the availability of medical care and the possible need to take criminal measures. Solving the issue of the athlete’s criminal responsibility for such events requires an objective and careful approach that takes into account all aspects of sports activity and legal norms